November 7
Appearance
<< | November | >> | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
1 | 2 | |||||
3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
2024 |
November 7 in recent years |
2023 (Tuesday) |
2022 (Monday) |
2021 (Sunday) |
2020 (Saturday) |
2019 (Thursday) |
2018 (Wednesday) |
2017 (Tuesday) |
2016 (Monday) |
2015 (Saturday) |
2014 (Friday) |
November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 54 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 335 – Athanasius, 20th pope of Alexandria, is banished to Trier on the charge that he prevented a grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople.
- 680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople.
- 921 – Treaty of Bonn: The Frankish kings Charles the Simple and Henry the Fowler sign a peace treaty or 'pact of friendship' (amicitia) to recognize their borders along the Rhine.
- 1426 – Lam Sơn uprising: Lam Sơn rebels emerge victorious against the Ming army in the Battle of Tốt Động – Chúc Động taking place in Đông Quan, in now Hanoi.
- 1492 – The Ensisheim meteorite, the oldest meteorite with a known date of impact, strikes the Earth in a wheat field outside the village of Ensisheim, Alsace, France.
- 1504 – Christopher Columbus returns from his fourth and last voyage.[1]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1619 – Elizabeth Stuart is crowned Queen of Bohemia.
- 1665 – The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.
- 1723 – O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort, BWV 60, a dialogue cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach for Leipzig, was first performed.[2]
- 1775 – John Murray (also known as Lord Dunmore), the Royal Governor of the Colony of Virginia, starts the first mass emancipation of slaves in North America by issuing Lord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation, which offers freedom to slaves who abandoned their colonial masters to fight with Murray and the British.
- 1786 – The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as the Stoughton Musical Society.
- 1811 – Tecumseh's War: The Battle of Tippecanoe is fought near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, United States.
- 1837 – In Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot dead by a mob while attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.
- 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Belmont: In Belmont, Missouri, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant overrun a Confederate camp but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.
- 1861 – The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.
- 1874 – A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
- 1881 – Mapuche uprising of 1881: Mapuche rebels destroy the Chilean settlement of Nueva Imperial after defenders fled to the hills.[3]
- 1885 – The completion of Canada's first transcontinental railway is symbolized by the Last Spike ceremony at Craigellachie, British Columbia.
- 1893 – Women's suffrage: Women in the U.S. state of Colorado are granted the right to vote, the second state to do so.
- 1893 – An anarchist throws two bombs in Barcelona's Liceu opera house, killing 20[4]
- 1900 – Second Boer War: The Battle of Leliefontein takes place, during which the Royal Canadian Dragoons win three Victoria Crosses.
1901–present
[edit]- 1907 – Jesús García saves the entire town of Nacozari de García by driving a burning train full of dynamite six kilometres (3.7 miles) away before it can explode.
- 1910 – The first air freight shipment (from Dayton, Ohio, to Columbus, Ohio) is undertaken by the Wright brothers and department store owner Max Morehouse.
- 1912 – The Deutsche Opernhaus (now Deutsche Oper Berlin) opens in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg, with a production of Beethoven's Fidelio.
- 1913 – The first day of the Great Lakes Storm of 1913, a massive blizzard that ultimately killed 250 and caused over $5 million (about $118,098,000 in 2013 dollars) damage. Winds reach hurricane force on this date.
- 1914 – The German colony of Kiaochow Bay and its centre at Tsingtao are captured by Japanese forces.
- 1916 – Jeannette Rankin is the first woman elected to the United States Congress.
- 1916 – Woodrow Wilson is reelected as President of the United States.
- 1916 – Boston Elevated Railway Company's streetcar No. 393 smashes through the warning gates of the open Summer Street drawbridge in Boston, Massachusetts, plunging into the frigid waters of Fort Point Channel, killing 46 people.[5]
- 1917 – The October Revolution, which gets its name from the Julian calendar date of 25 October, occurs, according to the Gregorian calendar; on this date, the Bolsheviks storm the Winter Palace.
- 1917 – World War I: The Third Battle of Gaza ends, with British forces capturing Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.
- 1918 – The 1918 influenza epidemic spreads to Western Samoa, killing 7,542 (about 20% of the population) by the end of the year.
- 1918 – Kurt Eisner overthrows the Wittelsbach dynasty in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
- 1919 – The first Palmer Raid is conducted on the second anniversary of the Russian Revolution. Over 10,000 suspected communists and anarchists are arrested in 23 U.S. cities.
- 1920 – Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow issues a decree that leads to the formation of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia.
- 1929 – In New York City, the Museum of Modern Art opens to the public.
- 1931 – The Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed on the anniversary of the October Revolution.
- 1933 – Fiorello H. La Guardia is elected the 99th mayor of New York City.
- 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The Madrid Defense Council is formed to coordinate the Defense of Madrid against nationalist forces.[6]
- 1940 – In Tacoma, Washington, the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapses in a windstorm, a mere four months after the bridge's completion.
- 1941 – World War II: Soviet hospital ship Armenia is sunk by German planes while evacuating refugees and wounded military and staff of several Crimean hospitals. It is estimated that over 5,000 people died in the sinking.
- 1944 – Soviet spy Richard Sorge, a half-Russian, half-German World War I veteran, is hanged by his Japanese captors along with 34 of his ring.
- 1944 – Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected for a record fourth term as President of the United States.
- 1949 – The first oil was taken in Oil Rocks (Neft Daşları), the world's oldest offshore oil platform.
- 1956 – Suez Crisis: The United Nations General Assembly adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and Israel to immediately withdraw their troops from Egypt.
- 1956 – Hungarian Revolution: János Kádár returns to Budapest in a Soviet armored convoy, officially taking office as the next Hungarian leader. By this point, most armed resistance has been defeated.
- 1957 – Cold War: The Gaither Report calls for more American missiles and fallout shelters.
- 1967 – Carl B. Stokes is elected as Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first African American mayor of a major American city.
- 1967 – US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, establishing the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
- 1972 – United States presidential election: U.S. President Richard Nixon is re-elected in the largest landslide victory at the time.
- 1973 – The United States Congress overrides President Richard Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.
- 1975 – In Bangladesh, a joint force of people and soldiers takes part in an uprising led by Colonel Abu Taher that ousts and kills Brigadier Khaled Mosharraf, freeing the then house-arrested army chief and future president Major General Ziaur Rahman.
- 1982 – Colonel Saye Zerbo, president of the military government of Upper Volta, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by Colonel Gabriel Yoryan Somé.[7]
- 1983 – United States Senate bombing: A bomb explodes inside the United States Capitol. No one is injured, but an estimated $250,000 in damage is caused.
- 1983 – Cold War: The command post exercise Able Archer 83 begins, eventually leading to the Soviet Union to place air units in East Germany and Poland on alert, for fear that NATO was preparing for war[8][9]
- 1987 – In Tunisia, president Habib Bourguiba is overthrown and replaced by Prime Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.
- 1987 – The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system in Singapore opens for passenger service.[10]
- 1989 – Douglas Wilder wins the governor's seat in Virginia, becoming the first elected African American governor in the United States.
- 1989 – David Dinkins becomes the first African American to be elected Mayor of New York City.
- 1989 – East German Prime Minister Willi Stoph, along with his entire cabinet, is forced to resign after huge anti-government protests.
- 1990 – Mary Robinson becomes the first woman to be elected President of the Republic of Ireland.
- 1991 – Magic Johnson announces that he is HIV-positive and retires from the NBA.
- 1994 – WXYC, the student radio station of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, launches the world's first internet radio broadcast.
- 1996 – NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.
- 1996 – ADC Airlines Flight 086 crashes on approach to Murtala Muhammed International Airport, in Lagos, Nigeria, killing all 144 people on board.[11]
- 2000 – The controversial US presidential election is later resolved in the Bush v. Gore Supreme Court case, electing George W. Bush as the 43rd President of the United States.
- 2000 – The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration discovers one of the country's largest LSD labs inside a converted military missile silo in Wamego, Kansas.
- 2004 – Iraq War: The interim government of Iraq calls for a 60-day state of emergency as U.S. forces storm the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.
- 2007 – The Jokela school shooting in Jokela, Tuusula, Finland, takes place, resulting in the death of nine people.
- 2012 – An earthquake off the Pacific coast of Guatemala kills at least 52 people.
- 2017 – Shamshad TV is attacked by armed gunmen and suicide bombers, with a security guard killed and 20 people wounded; ISIS claims responsibility for the attack.
- 2020 – Joe Biden is elected the 46th president of the United States, defeating incumbent Donald Trump.[12]
- 2023 – António Costa resigns as Prime Minister of Portugal following news of an investigation in a corruption scandal implicating members of his cabinet.[13]
Births
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 630 – Constans II, Byzantine emperor (d. 668)
- 994 – Ibn Hazm, Arabian philosopher and scholar (d. 1069)
- 1186 – Ögedei Khan, Mongol ruler, 2nd Great Khan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1241)
- 1316 – Simeon of Russia (d. 1353)
- 1456 – Margaret of Bavaria, Electress Palatine, Princess of Bavaria-Landshut by birth (d. 1501)
- 1525 – Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (d. 1575)
- 1598 – Francisco de Zurbarán, Spanish painter (d. 1664)
1601–1900
[edit]- 1619 – Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French author and poet (d. 1692)
- 1650 – John Robinson, English bishop and diplomat (d. 1723)
- 1683 – Anton thor Helle, German-Estonian clergyman, author, and translator (d. 1748)
- 1687 – William Stukeley, English archaeologist and physician (d. 1765)
- 1706 – Carlo Cecere, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1761)
- 1728 – James Cook, English captain, navigator, and cartographer (d. 1779)
- 1750 – Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, German poet and lawyer (d. 1819)
- 1787 – Carl Carl, Polish-born actor and theatre director (d. 1854)[14]
- 1789 – Alfred Kelley, American legislator, canal builder, and railroad magnate (d. 1859)[15]
- 1800 – Platt Rogers Spencer, American calligrapher and educator (d. 1864)
- 1805 – Thomas Brassey, English engineer and businessman (d. 1870)
- 1818 – Emil du Bois-Reymond, German physician and physiologist (d. 1896)
- 1821 – Andrea Debono, Maltese trader and explorer (d. 1871)[16]
- 1830 – Emanuele Luigi Galizia, Maltese architect and civil engineer (d. 1907)
- 1832 – Andrew Dickson White, American historian, academic, and diplomat, co-founded Cornell University (d. 1918)
- 1838 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French author and playwright (d. 1889)
- 1843 – William Plankinton, American businessman, industrialist and banker (d. 1905)
- 1846 – Ignaz Brüll, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1907)
- 1851 – Chris von der Ahe, German-American businessman (d. 1913)
- 1858 – Bipin Chandra Pal, Indian academic and activist (d. 1932)
- 1860 – Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne, French general and engineer (d. 1936)
- 1860 – Paul Peel, Canadian painter and academic (d. 1892)
- 1861 – Jeff Milton, American police officer (d. 1947)
- 1861 – Lesser Ury, German painter (d. 1931)[17]
- 1867 – Marie Curie, Polish chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934)[18]
- 1872 – Lucille La Verne, American actress (d. 1945)
- 1872 – Leonora Speyer, American poet and violinist (d. 1956)
- 1876 – Charlie Townsend, English cricketer and lawyer (d. 1958)
- 1878 – Lise Meitner, Austrian-Swedish physicist and academic (d. 1968)[19]
- 1879 – King Baggot, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1948)
- 1879 – Leon Trotsky, Russian theorist and politician, founded the Red Army (d. 1940)
- 1886 – Aron Nimzowitsch, Russian-Danish chess player and theoretician (d. 1935)
- 1888 – C. V. Raman, Indian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
- 1888 – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary (d. 1934)[20]
- 1890 – Jan Matulka, Czech-American painter and illustrator (d. 1972)
- 1891 – Genrikh Yagoda, director of the NKVD (d. 1938)
- 1893 – Leatrice Joy, American actress (d. 1985)
- 1893 – Margaret Leech, American historian and author (d. 1974)
- 1896 – Esdras Minville, Canadian economist and sociologist (d. 1975)
- 1897 – Herman J. Mankiewicz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1953)
- 1897 – Armstrong Sperry, American author and illustrator (d. 1976)
- 1898 – Margaret Morris, American actress (d. 1968)
- 1898 – Raphaël Salem, Greek-French mathematician and academic (d. 1963)
- 1899 – Yitzhak Lamdan, Russian-Israeli journalist and poet (d. 1954)
- 1900 – Nellie Campobello, Mexican writer who chronicled the Mexican Revolution (d. 1986)
1901–present
[edit]- 1901 – Norah McGuinness, Irish painter and illustrator (d. 1980)
- 1903 – Ary Barroso, Brazilian pianist and composer (d. 1964)
- 1903 – Dean Jagger, American actor (d. 1991)
- 1903 – Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
- 1905 – William Alwyn, English composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1985)
- 1906 – Eugene Carson Blake, American minister and educator (d. 1985)
- 1908 – Marijac, French author and illustrator (d. 1994)
- 1909 – Ruby Hurley, American civil rights activist (d. 1980)[21]
- 1909 – Norman Krasna, American director, producer, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 1984)
- 1912 – Victor Beaumont, German-English actor (d. 1977)
- 1913 – Albert Camus, French novelist, philosopher, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)[22]
- 1913 – Alekos Sakellarios, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 1991)
- 1913 – Mikhail Solomentsev, Soviet politician, member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (d. 2008)
- 1914 – Archie Campbell, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1987)
- 1914 – R. A. Lafferty, American author (d. 2002)
- 1915 – Philip Morrison, American astrophysicist and academic (d. 2005)
- 1915 – M. Athalie Range, American activist and politician (d. 2006)
- 1917 – Titos Vandis, Greek actor (d. 2003)
- 1918 – Paul Aussaresses, French general (d. 2013)
- 1918 – Billy Graham, American minister and author (d. 2018)[22]
- 1918 – Maria Teresa de Noronha, Portuguese singer (d. 1993)
- 1919 – Ellen Stewart, American director and producer (d. 2011)
- 1920 – Max Kampelman, American lawyer and diplomat (d. 2013)
- 1920 – Elaine Morgan, Welsh writer, aquatic ape hypothesis (d. 2013)[23]
- 1921 – Lisa Ben, American singer-songwriter and journalist (d. 2015)
- 1921 – Jack Fleck, American golfer (d. 2014)
- 1921 – Susanne Hirzel, member of the White Rose (d. 2012)
- 1922 – Ghulam Azam, Bangladeshi politician (d. 2014)
- 1922 – Al Hirt, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1999)[22]
- 1923 – Gene Callahan, American art director and production designer (d. 1990)
- 1926 – Joan Sutherland, Australian soprano (d. 2010)[22]
- 1927 – Herbert Flam, American tennis player (d. 1980)[24]
- 1927 – Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese businessman (d. 2013)
- 1928 – Richard G. Scott, American engineer and religious leader (d. 2015)
- 1929 – Jesús de Polanco, Spanish publisher and businessman (d. 2007)
- 1929 – Eric Kandel, Austrian-American neuroscientist and psychiatrist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1929 – Lila Kaye, English actress (d. 2012)
- 1930 – Rudy Boschwitz, German-American politician
- 1931 – G. Edward Griffin, American director, producer, and author
- 1935 – Lubomír Beneš, Czech animator, producer and author[25] (d. 1995)
- 1935 – W. S. Rendra, Indonesian poet and playwright (d. 2009)
- 1936 – Al Attles, American basketball player and coach[26] (d. 2024)[27]
- 1936 – Gwyneth Jones, Welsh soprano
- 1937 – Mary Daheim, American journalist and author (d. 2022)
- 1938 – Dee Clark, American singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
- 1938 – Jake Gibbs, American baseball player and coach
- 1938 – Jim Kaat, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
- 1938 – Barry Newman, American actor (d. 2023)[28]
- 1939 – Barbara Liskov, American computer scientist and academic
- 1940 – Dakin Matthews, American actor, director, and playwright[28]
- 1940 – Antonio Skármeta, Chilean author and academic
- 1941 – Madeline Gins, American poet and architect (d. 2014)
- 1941 – Angelo Scola, Italian cardinal and philosopher
- 1942 – Tom Peters, American businessman and author
- 1942 – Johnny Rivers, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[28]
- 1942 – Jean Shrimpton, English model and actress
- 1943 – Silvia Cartwright, New Zealand lawyer, judge, and politician, 18th Governor-General of New Zealand
- 1943 – Stephen Greenblatt, American theorist, scholar, and critic
- 1943 – Boris Gromov, Russian general and politician, Governor of Moscow Oblast
- 1943 – Joni Mitchell, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist[28]
- 1943 – Michael Spence, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1944 – Gigi Riva, Italian footballer and manager (d. 2024)
- 1944 – Peter Wilby, English journalist
- 1945 – Joe Niekro, American baseball player (d. 2006)
- 1946 – Chrystos, American writer and activist[29]
- 1947 – Bob Anderson, English darts player
- 1947 – Rebecca Eaton, American television producer
- 1947 – Yutaka Fukumoto, Japanese baseball player and coach
- 1947 – Ron Leavitt, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2008)
- 1947 – Sondhi Limthongkul, Thai journalist and politician
- 1948 – Stephen Green, Baron Green of Hurstpierpoint, English businessman and politician
- 1948 – Buck Martinez, American baseball player and manager
- 1948 – Alex Ribeiro, Brazilian race car driver
- 1949 – Stephen Bruton, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (d. 2009)
- 1949 – Steven Stucky, American composer and academic (d. 2016)
- 1949 – David S. Ware, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2012)
- 1950 – Lindsay Duncan, Scottish actress
- 1950 – John Lang, Australian rugby league player and coach
- 1951 – Gerard F. Gilmore, New Zealand astronomer and academic
- 1951 – Kevin MacMichael, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and record producer (d. 2002)
- 1951 – Lawrence O'Donnell, American journalist and talk show host
- 1951 – John Tamargo, American baseball player and coach
- 1952 – David Petraeus, American general, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
- 1952 – Modibo Sidibé, Sudanese-Malian police officer and politician, Prime Minister of Mali
- 1952 – Valeriy Zuyev, Ukrainian footballer and manager (d. 2016)
- 1953 – Maire Aunaste, Estonian journalist and author
- 1953 – Erik Balke, Norwegian saxophonist and composer
- 1953 – Christopher Foster, English bishop
- 1953 – Lucinda Green, English equestrian and journalist
- 1954 – James Gray, Scottish politician
- 1954 – Kamal Haasan, Tamil actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1954 – Guy Gavriel Kay, Canadian lawyer and author
- 1954 – Gil Junger, American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1956 – Mikhail Alperin, Ukrainian pianist and composer (d. 2018)
- 1956 – Jonathan Palmer, English race car driver and businessman
- 1956 – Judy Tenuta, American comedian, actress, and comedy musician (d. 2022)[30]
- 1957 – John Benitez, American DJ, songwriter, and producer
- 1957 – King Kong Bundy, American wrestler (d. 2019)
- 1957 – Christopher Knight, American actor[28]
- 1958 – Dmitry Kozak, Russian politician; Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation
- 1959 – Billy Gillispie, American basketball player and coach
- 1959 – Alexandre Guimarães, Brazilian-Costa Rican footballer and manager
- 1960 – Tommy Thayer, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1960 – Shyamaprasad, Indian filmmaker
- 1961 – Orlando Mercado, American baseball player and coach
- 1962 – Tracie Savage, American actress and journalist
- 1962 – Dirk Shafer, American model, actor, and director (d. 2015)
- 1963 – John Barnes, Jamaican-English footballer and manager
- 1963 – Sam Graves, American farmer and politician
- 1964 – Troy Beyer, American actress, director, and screenwriter
- 1964 – Philip Hollobone, English politician
- 1964 – Liam Ó Maonlaí, Irish keyboard player and songwriter
- 1964 – Dana Plato, American actress (d. 1999)
- 1964 – Bonnie St. John, American skier and scholar
- 1965 – Steve Parkin, English footballer and manager
- 1965 – Sigrun Wodars, German runner and physiotherapist
- 1966 – Calvin Borel, American jockey
- 1967 – Steve Di Giorgio, American bass player
- 1967 – David Guetta, French DJ, record producer, remixer, and songwriter[22]
- 1967 – Hikaru Ijūin, Japanese radio host
- 1967 – Rafael Herbert Reyes, Dominican wrestler
- 1967 – Sharleen Spiteri, Scottish singer-songwriter and actress
- 1968 – Russ Springer, American baseball player
- 1969 – Michelle Clunie, American actress[28]
- 1969 – Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
- 1969 – Michel Picard, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
- 1970 – Andy Houston, American race car driver
- 1970 – Marc Rosset, Swiss-Monacan tennis player
- 1970 – Morgan Spurlock, American director, producer, and screenwriter[28] (d. 2024)[31]
- 1970 – Paul Ware, English footballer (d. 2013)
- 1971 – Jamie Drummond, Scottish-Canadian journalist and critic
- 1971 – Robin Finck, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1971 – Matthew Ryan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1971 – Trivikram Srinivas, Indian director and screenwriter
- 1972 – Danny Grewcock, English rugby player
- 1972 – Jason London, American actor and producer[28]
- 1972 – Jeremy London, American actor and producer[28]
- 1972 – Hasim Rahman, American boxer
- 1972 – Marcus Stewart, English footballer and coach
- 1973 – Catê, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2011)
- 1973 – Yunjin Kim, South Korean-American actress[28]
- 1973 – Martín Palermo, Argentinian footballer and manager
- 1974 – Kris Benson, American baseball player
- 1974 – Brigitte Foster-Hylton, Jamaican hurdler
- 1974 – Christian Gómez, Argentinian footballer
- 1974 – Chris Summers, Norwegian drummer
- 1975 – Venkat Prabhu, Indian actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1976 – Rob Caggiano, American guitarist and producer
- 1976 – Mark Philippoussis, Australian tennis player and model
- 1977 – Lindsay Czarniak, American journalist and sportscaster
- 1977 – Andres Oper, Estonian footballer
- 1977 – María Sánchez Lorenzo, Spanish tennis player
- 1977 – Anthony Thomas, American football player and coach
- 1978 – Mohamed Aboutrika, Egyptian footballer
- 1978 – Elisabeth Bachman, American volleyball player and coach
- 1978 – Rio Ferdinand, English footballer
- 1978 – Tomoya Nagase, Japanese singer-songwriter
- 1978 – Barry Robson, Scottish footballer
- 1978 – Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink, Dutch footballer
- 1979 – Mike Commodore, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1979 – Will Demps, American football player
- 1979 – Danny Fonseca, Costa Rican footballer
- 1979 – Barney Harwood, English television host and actor
- 1979 – Jon Peter Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor
- 1979 – Amy Purdy, American actress, model and snowboarder
- 1979 – Joey Ryan, American wrestler
- 1979 – Otep Shamaya, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1980 – Sergio Almirón, Argentinian footballer
- 1980 – Gervasio Deferr, Spanish gymnast
- 1980 – James Franklin, New Zealand cricketer
- 1980 – Karthik, Indian singer-songwriter
- 1980 – Luciana Salazar, Argentinian model, actress, and singer
- 1981 – Muhammad Hassan, American wrestler and educator
- 1981 – Nana Katase, Japanese model, actress, and singer
- 1981 – Anushka Shetty, Indian actress
- 1981 – Rina Uchiyama, Japanese actress and model
- 1982 – Pascal Leclaire, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1983 – Adam DeVine, American actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer, and singer[28]
- 1983 – Forrest Kline, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1983 – Patrick Thoresen, Norwegian ice hockey player[32]
- 1983 – Esmerling Vásquez, Dominican baseball player
- 1984 – Mihkel Aksalu, Estonian footballer
- 1984 – Jonathan Bornstein, American-Israeli soccer player
- 1984 – Gervais Randrianarisoa, Malagasy footballer
- 1984 – Amelia Vega, Dominican actress and singer, Miss Universe 2003
- 1985 – Sebastian Aldén, Swedish motorcycle racer
- 1985 – Darnell Jackson, American basketball player[33]
- 1985 – Lucas Neff, American actor[28]
- 1986 – Andy Hull, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1986 – David Nelson, American football player
- 1986 – Doukissa Nomikou, Greek model and television host
- 1987 – Mitch Brown, Australian rugby league player
- 1987 – Marek Semjan, Slovak tennis player
- 1988 – Alexandr Dolgopolov, Ukrainian tennis player
- 1988 – Simone Favaro, Italian rugby player
- 1988 – Gani Lawal, Nigerian-American basketball player[34]
- 1988 – Thomas Schneider, German sprinter
- 1988 – Tinie Tempah, English rapper and producer[28]
- 1989 – Sonny Gray, American baseball player[35]
- 1989 – Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, Russian singer and political activist
- 1990 – Daniel Ayala, Spanish footballer
- 1990 – Matt Corby, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1990 – David de Gea, Spanish footballer
- 1990 – Joelle Hadjia, Australian singer-songwriter
- 1991 – Felix Rosenqvist, Swedish race car driver[36]
- 1992 – Apisai Koroisau, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
- 1994 – Gervonta Davis, American boxer[37]
- 1994 – Haruna Iikubo, Japanese singer and actress
- 1994 – Algee Smith, American actor and singer[22]
- 1996 – Lorde, New Zealand singer-songwriter[28]
- 1997 – Erika Hendsel, Estonian tennis player
- 1997 – Nana Okada, Japanese singer
- 1998 – Trevor Rainbolt, American social media personality[38]
- 2000 – Callum Hudson-Odoi, English footballer[39]
- 2001 – Amybeth McNulty, Irish actress[40]
Deaths
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 691 – Cen Changqian, official of the Tang dynasty
- 691 – Ge Fuyuan, official of the Tang dynasty
- 927 – Zhu Shouyin, general of Later Tang
- 1173 – Uijong of Goryeo, Korean monarch of the Goryeo dynasty (b. 1127)
- 1225 – Engelbert II of Berg, German archbishop and saint (b. 1186)
- 1497 – Philip II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1443)
- 1550 – Jón Arason, Icelandic bishop and poet (b. 1484)
- 1561 – Jeanne de Jussie, Swiss nun and writer (b. 1503)
- 1562 – Maldeo Rathore, Rao of Marwar (b. 1511)
- 1574 – Solomon Luria, Polish rabbi and educator (b. 1510)
- 1581 – Richard Davies, Welsh bishop and scholar (b. 1505)
- 1599 – Gasparo Tagliacozzi, Italian surgeon and educator (b. 1546)
1601–1900
[edit]- 1627 – Jahangir, Mughal emperor (b. 1569)
- 1633 – Cornelis Drebbel, Dutch inventor (b. 1572)
- 1639 – Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, English politician (b. 1560)
- 1642 – Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester, English judge and politician, Lord High Treasurer of The United Kingdom (b. 1563)
- 1652 – Henry of Nassau-Siegen, German count, officer in the Dutch Army, diplomat for the Dutch Republic (b. 1611)[41]
- 1713 – Elizabeth Barry, English actress (b. 1658)
- 1809 – Paul Sandby, English painter and cartographer (b. 1725)[42]
- 1837 – Elijah Parish Lovejoy, American minister and journalist (b. 1809)
- 1862 – Bahadur Shah II, Mughal emperor (b. 1775)
- 1872 – Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician and academic (b. 1833)
- 1881 – John MacHale, Irish archbishop (b. 1791)
1901–present
[edit]- 1906 – Heinrich Seidel, German engineer and poet (b. 1842)
- 1907 – Jesús García, Mexican railroad brakeman (b. 1881)
- 1913 – Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh-English biologist and geographer (b. 1823)
- 1916 – Henry Ward Ranger, American painter and academic (b. 1858)
- 1919 – Hugo Haase, German lawyer, jurist, and politician (b. 1863)
- 1922 – Sam Thompson, American baseball player (b. 1860)
- 1923 – Ashwini Kumar Dutta, Indian educator and philanthropist (b. 1856)
- 1930 – Ōkido Moriemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 23rd Yokozuna (b. 1878)
- 1933 – Harold Weber, American golfer and architect (b. 1882)
- 1941 – Frank Pick, English lawyer and businessman (b. 1878)
- 1944 – Richard Sorge, Azerbaijani-German journalist and spy (b. 1895)
- 1944 – Hannah Szenes, Hungarian-Israeli soldier and poet (b. 1921)
- 1947 – K. Natesa Iyer, Indian-Sri Lankan journalist and politician (b. 1887)
- 1959 – Victor McLaglen, English-American boxer and actor (b. 1883)
- 1962 – Eleanor Roosevelt, American humanitarian and politician, 39th First Lady of the United States (b. 1884)[43]
- 1964 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863)[44]
- 1966 – Rube Bressler, American baseball player (b. 1894)
- 1967 – John Nance Garner, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Vice President of the United States (b. 1868)
- 1968 – Gordon Coventry, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1901)
- 1968 – Alexander Gelfond, Russian mathematician, cryptographer, and academic (b. 1906)
- 1974 – Eric Linklater, Welsh-Scottish author and academic (b. 1899)
- 1975 – Piero Dusio, Italian footballer, businessman and race car driver (b. 1899)
- 1978 – Jivraj Narayan Mehta, Indian surgeon and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Gujarat (b. 1887)
- 1978 – Gene Tunney, American boxer and actor (b. 1897)
- 1979 – Frank O'Connor, American actor, rancher, and painter[45][46]
- 1980 – İlhan Erdost, Turkish publisher (b. 1944)
- 1980 – Steve McQueen, American actor and producer (b. 1930)
- 1981 – Will Durant, American historian and philosopher (b. 1885)
- 1983 – Germaine Tailleferre, French pianist and composer (b. 1892)[47]
- 1986 – Tracy Pew, Australian bass player (b. 1957)
- 1988 – Bill Hoest, American cartoonist (b. 1926)
- 1990 – Lawrence Durrell, British novelist, poet, dramatist, (b. 1912)
- 1990 – Tom Clancy, Irish singer and actor, (b. 1924)
- 1991 – Tom of Finland, Finnish illustrator (b. 1920)
- 1991 – Nuri Ja'far, Iraqi psychologist and philosopher of education, (b. 1914) [48]
- 1992 – Alexander Dubček, Slovak soldier and politician (b. 1921)
- 1992 – Jack Kelly, American actor and politician (b. 1927)
- 1993 – Adelaide Hall, American-English singer, actress, and dancer (b. 1901)
- 1993 – Charles Aidman, American stage, film, and television actor (b. 1925)
- 1994 – Shorty Rogers, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1924)
- 1995 – Ann Dunham, American anthropologist and academic (b. 1942)
- 1996 – Claude Ake, Nigerian political scientist and academic (b. 1939)
- 1996 – Jaja Wachuku, Nigerian lawyer and politician, Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1918)
- 2000 – Ingrid of Sweden (b. 1910)
- 2000 – Nimalan Soundaranayagam, Sri Lankan educator and politician (b. 1950)
- 2000 – Chidambaram Subramaniam, Indian publisher and politician, Indian Minister of Defence (b. 1910)
- 2001 – Nida Blanca, Filipino actress (b. 1936)
- 2001 – Anthony Shaffer, English author and playwright (b. 1926)[49]
- 2002 – Rudolf Augstein, German journalist, co-founded Der Spiegel (b. 1923)
- 2003 – Foo Foo Lammar, British drag queen and nightclub owner (b. 1937)[50]
- 2004 – Howard Keel, American actor and singer (b. 1919)
- 2005 – Harry Thompson, English author, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1960)
- 2006 – Aino Kukk, Estonian chess player and engineer (b. 1930)
- 2006 – Bryan Pata, American football player (b. 1984)
- 2006 – Johnny Sain, American baseball player and coach (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician, co-founded L'Express (b. 1924)
- 2006 – Polly Umrigar, Indian cricketer and manager (b. 1926)
- 2007 – Earl Dodge, American activist and politician (b. 1932)
- 2007 – George W. George, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1920)
- 2011 – Joe Frazier, American boxer (b. 1944)
- 2011 – Takanosato Toshihide, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1952)
- 2012 – Carmen Basilio, American boxer (b. 1927)
- 2012 – Kevin O'Donnell, Jr., American author (b. 1950)
- 2012 – Glenys Page, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1940)
- 2012 – Sandy Pearson, Australian general (b. 1918)
- 2012 – Darrell Royal, American football player and coach (b. 1924)
- 2012 – Arthur K. Snyder, American lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
- 2013 – John Cole, Irish-English journalist and author (b. 1927)
- 2013 – Ian Davies, Australian basketball player and coach (b. 1956)
- 2013 – Ron Dellow, English footballer and manager (b. 1914)
- 2013 – Joey Manley, American publisher, founded Modern Tales (b. 1965)
- 2013 – Jack Mitchell, American photographer and author (b. 1925)
- 2013 – Manfred Rommel, German lawyer and politician (b. 1928)
- 2014 – Lincoln D. Faurer, American general (b. 1928)
- 2014 – Kajetan Kovič, Slovenian journalist and poet (b. 1931)
- 2014 – Allen Ripley, American baseball player (b. 1952)
- 2015 – Bappaditya Bandopadhyay, Indian director and poet (b. 1970)
- 2015 – Ri Ul-sol, North Korean marshal and politician (b. 1921)[51]
- 2016 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1934)
- 2016 – Janet Reno, American lawyer and government official; Attorney General of the United States (1993–2001) (b. 1938)
- 2016 – Jimmy Young, British singer and radio personality (b. 1921)
- 2017 – Roy Halladay, American baseball player (b. 1977)
- 2017 – Carl Sargeant, Welsh Assembly minister (b. 1968)
- 2017 – James R. Thompson Jr., American naval officer and engineer, 5th Director of NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (b. 1936)[52]
- 2019 – Janette Sherman, American physician, author, and pioneer in occupational and environmental health (b. 1930)
- 2020 – Jonathan Sacks, former Chief Rabbi of the Commonwealth and member of the House of Lords (b. 1948)[53]
- 2021 – Dean Stockwell, American actor (b. 1936)[54]
- 2023 – Frank Borman, American astronaut (b. 1928)[55]
Holidays and observances
[edit]- Christian feast day:
- All Dominican Saints and Blesseds
- Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg (Lutheran)
- Engelbert II of Berg
- Herculanus of Perugia
- John Christian Frederick Heyer (Lutheran)
- Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen (Lutheran)
- Prosdocimus
- Vicente Liem de la Paz (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
- Willibrord
- November 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Students' Day, the anniversary of B. R. Ambedkar's school entry day. (Maharashtra, India)
- Commemoration Day, the anniversary of Ben Ali's succession. (Tunisia)
- Hungarian Opera Day (Hungary)
- International Inuit Day[56]
- National Day, after Treaty of the Pyrenees. (Northern Catalonia, France)
- National Revolution and Solidarity Day (Bangladesh)
- October Revolution Day (the Soviet Union (former, official), modern Belarus, Kyrgyzstan)
- Tokhu Emong (Lotha Naga people of India)
References
[edit]- ^ Daniel, Clifton (1989). Chronicle of America. Chronicle publication. p. 20. ISBN 0-13-133745-9.
- ^ "O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort". www.bach-digital.de. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
BWV 60; BC A 161
Bach Digital - ^ Bengoa, José (2000). Historia del pueblo mapuche: Siglos XIX y XX (Seventh ed.). LOM Ediciones. pp. 304–305. ISBN 956-282-232-X.
- ^ Pernicone, Nunzio; Ottanelli, Fraser (14 August 2018). Assassins against the Old Order: Italian Anarchist Violence in Fin de Siecle Europe. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-05056-5.
- ^ "Street Car Plunge 46 Drowned". Boston Globe. 29 October 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
- ^ Colodny, Robert Garland (1 November 2009). The Struggle for Madrid: The Central Epic of the Spanish Conflict, 1936-37. Transaction Publishers. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-4128-3924-2. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
- ^ Kandeh, Jimmy D. (2004). Coups from Below: Armed Subalterns and State Power in West Africa. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 123. ISBN 140-397-877-8.
- ^ Jones, Nate; Harper, Lauren, eds. (16 May 2013). "The 1983 War Scare: "The Last Paroxysm" of the Cold War: Part I". National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 426. National Security Archive at George Washington University. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
- ^ "Exercise Scenario" (PDF). National Security Archive at George Washington University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
- ^ "MRT: Set to roll". The Straits Times. 6 November 1987. p. 20.
- ^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-231 5N-BBG Ejirin". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
- ^ "Biden defeats Trump for White House, says 'time to heal'". AP NEWS. 8 November 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ^ Demony, Catarina; Khalip, Andrei; Demony, Catarina (7 November 2023). "Portuguese PM steps down amid lithium, hydrogen corruption probe". Reuters. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ Santifaller, Leo; Obermayer-Marnach, Eva (1993). "Bernbrunn Karl" (PDF). Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (in German). Vol. 1. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. p. 76. ISBN 3-7001-1327-7. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ Fess, Simeon D. (1937). Ohio: A Four-Volume Reference Library on the History of a Great State. Volume 4: Ohio's Three Hundred. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. p. 59.
- ^ "Prominent Sengleans". Senglea Local Council. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020.
- ^ Schütz, Chana C. (2004). "Lesser Ury and the Jewish Renaissance". Jewish Studies Quarterly. 11 (4): 360–374 [360, 369, 370]. doi:10.1628/0944570042723058. ISSN 0944-5706. JSTOR 40753344.
- ^ "BBC - History - Marie Curie". BBC. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
- ^ Bailey Ogilvie, Marilyn; Harvey, Joy (2000). The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L-Z. London: Routledge. p. 877. ISBN 978-0-41592-040-7.
- ^ Holy Cross Church (1888). "Запис в метричній книзі про народження Нестора Махно" [Record in the register of the birth of Nestor Makhno]. Register of 1888 (in Russian). Huliaipole: State Archive of Zaporizhzhia Oblast – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ Ware, Susan (2004). Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century. Harvard University Press. p. 318. ISBN 978-0-674-01488-6.
- ^ a b c d e f "Famous birthdays for Nov. 7: Johnny Rivers, David Guetta". UPI. 7 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ "Elaine Morgan obituary". The Guardian. 29 July 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ^ "Tennis - Herbert Flam (Etats Unis)". www.les-sports.info.
- ^ "authors". en.patmat.cz. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
- ^ "Al Attles". The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ^ Goldstein, Richard (21 August 2024). "Al Attles, a Golden State Warrior in Name and in Spirit, Dies at 87". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Rose, Mike (7 November 2022). "Today's famous birthdays list for November 7, 2022 includes celebrities Joni Mitchell, Lorde". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Chrystos". The Audre Lorde Project. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ Khatchatourian, Maane (6 October 2022). "Judy Tenuta, Popular Stand-Up Comic Known as 'Love Goddess,' Dies at 72". Variety. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
- ^ Risen, Clay; Tumin, Remy (24 May 2024). "Morgan Spurlock, Documentarian Known for 'Super Size Me,' Dies at 53". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
- ^ "Patrick Thoresen". National Hockey League. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Darnell Jackson". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Gani Lawal". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Sonny Gray". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Felix Rosenqvist". Retrieved 29 September 2018.
- ^ "Gervonta Davis: Biography, record, fights and more". ESPN. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
- ^ "He Memorized the World With Google Maps. Now He's Exploring It". nytimes.com. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
- ^ "Callum Hudson-Odoi Nottingham Forest Forward, Profile & Stats | Premier League". www.premierleague.com. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ "AB on Instagram: "18!! Thank you for all the lovely birthday messages, they are absolutely making my day"". Instagram. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ Menk, Friedhelm (2004). "Die Fürstengruft zu Siegen und die darin von 1669 bis 1781 erfolgten Beisetzungen". In: Burwitz, Ludwig u.a. (Redaktion), Siegener Beiträge. Jahrbuch für regionale Geschichte (in German). Vol. 9. Siegen: Geschichtswerkstatt Siegen – Arbeitskreis für Regionalgeschichte e.V. p. 191; Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, F. & B. (1981). l'Allemagne Dynastique (in French). Vol. Tome III: Brunswick-Nassau-Schwarzbourg. Le Perreux: Alain Giraud. p. 254.
- ^ Monkhouse, William Cosmo (1897). Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co. . In
- ^ Ashby, Ruth (2005). Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt. Milwaukee: World Almanac Library. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-83685-758-0.
- ^ "Hans von Euler-Chelpin | Swedish biochemist". 3 November 2023.
- ^ "Charles Francis O'Connor, Artist, Husband of the Writer Ayn Rand". The New York Times (obituary). 12 November 1979. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
- ^ Grossman, Jennifer A. (9 November 2016). "5 Things To Know About Frank O'Connor, Ayn Rand's Husband". The Atlas Society. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022.
- ^ Harnsberger, Lindsey C. (1997). Essential Dictionary of Music: The Most Practical and Useful Music Dictionary for Students and Professionals. Los Angeles: Alfred Publishing Co. p. 260. ISBN 978-0-88284-728-3.
- ^ Fatlawi, Kadhim Abbud (1999). al-Muntakhab min aʻlām al-fikr wa-al-adab المنتخب من اعلام الفكر والأدب [Eminents of thought and literature] (in Arabic) (first ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Mawahib. p. 694.
- ^ Lewis, Paul (12 November 2001). "Anthony Shaffer, 75, Author Of Long-Running 'Sleuth,' Dies". The New York Times. pp. F7. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Frank Pearson - Obituary." The Times (London, England), November 18, 2003: 37. NewsBank: Access Global NewsBank. https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWGLNB&docref=news/0FEEBEB43628E919.
- ^ "Ri Ul Sol Dies". KCNA. 8 November 2015.
- ^ O'Sullivan, John (2019). Japanese Missions to the International Space Station: Hope from the East. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Praxis Books. p. 279. ISBN 9783030045340.
- ^ Swerling, Gabriella (7 November 2020). "Rabbi Lord Sacks has died, online statement confirms". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
- ^ "'Quantum Leap' star Dean Stockwell dead at 85". Fox News. 9 November 2021.
- ^ Fountain, Nigel (10 November 2023). "Frank Borman obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ Joint Statement celebrating Inuit Day from the Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations, the Minister of Indigenous Services and the Minister of Intergovernmental and Northern Affairs and Internal Trade, 7 November 2018
External links
[edit]Wikimedia Commons has media related to November 7.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on November 7". OnThisDay.com.